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[hal-02660789] Impacts of metal contamination in calcareous waters of Deûle river (France) : water quality and thermodynamic studies on metallic mobility
To evaluate adverse impacts of metal pollution originating from smelting activities on the aquatic ecosystem of DeA >> le river in northern France, water samples were collected from five selected stations along a contaminated region of this river (during two surveys: April-June 2005 and April-May 2007). All samples were analysed using inductively coupled plasma (ICP) atomic emission spectroscopy and/or ICP-mass spectrometry. Both the concentrations of dissolved and particulate elements were determined, and analytical data were compared with national and international water/particle quality guidelines as well as with some values reported in the literature for polluted rivers. For all the metals studied (i.e. Cd, Cr, Cu, Mn, Ni, Pb and Zn), our investigations showed that the effects of the dissolved phase on this aquatic medium were weak, according to water quality status established by US Environmental Protection Agency, USEPA (1994, 1999). Conversely, the levels of metals in suspended particulate matter were found to be much higher than local background contents and natural reference levels in French catchments. These levels were further quantified as "serious" contamination, i.e. above the "red" range that was previously elaborated by most existing metal-contamination scales in French basins of similar geology. The affinity of these metals for the particulate phase in DeA >> le waters follows the order: Cd > Cr > Pb > Zn = Mn > Cu > Ni. The trace metals released from anthropogenic activities were found to be partly bound to the reactive particulate phase, calcite, which is sensitive to physico-chemical variations occurring in the river ecosystem. To appraise the risk of ecotoxicity by metals, predictions on the ability to release metallic pollutants from calcite into waters were made successfully by testing three equilibrium geochemical speciation models (JCHESS, VISUAL MINTEQ and WINHUMIC) in which soluble organic matter was taken into account. Calculations showed that metal-water-calcite systems in DeA >> le River are close to thermodynamic equilibrium with generation of solid solutions, Me alpha Ca(1-)alpha CO(3), by (co)precipitation and/or adsorption reactions. On the basis of results mentioned here, more measurements of river chemistry and assessments of predictive capabilities of chosen water-quality guidelines with time would be developed in aquatic and calcareous areas for controlled dredging operations or other treatment engineering works.
ano.nymous@ccsd.cnrs.fr.invalid (B. Lourino-Cabana) 30 May 2020
https://hal.inrae.fr/hal-02660789v1
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[hal-02657653] Water-Quality Diagnosis and Metal Distribution in a Strongly Polluted Zone of Deûle River (Northern France)
Using ICP-AES and ICP-MS, several metals were analyzed in water and suspended particulate matter (SPM) samples collected under normal turbidity conditions at various stations from DeA >> le river (in northern France) to assess the impact of a former smelting plant on the fate of particulate elements and on the water quality in this aquatic environment. Compared to their regional background, particulate Pb, Zn and Cd were found to be most enriched, suggesting anthropogenic inputs from bed sediments into the water column mainly due to physical disturbances induced by barges traffics. Conversely, no significant enrichments of particulate metals such as Cu, Cr and Ni were observed in DeA >> le SPM. Characterization of SPM with analyses of mineralogical and chemical compositions-using environmental scanning electron microscopy equipped with an energy dispersive X-ray spectrometer (ESEM/EDS)-indicated the presence of micro-specimens attributed to anthropogenic minerals, mostly PbS and ZnS. The calculated enrichment index (or the geoaccumulation index, I (geo)), enrichment factor (EF) and the partition coefficient (K (d)) confirmed that SPM was strongly polluted in cadmium, lead and zinc, moderately polluted in copper and unpolluted in chromium and nickel. Based on the analytical data obtained for SPM from the BCR (European Community Bureau of Reference) sequential extraction scheme, it was concluded that: (i) the reducible phases were largely more important for the binding of Pb and Cd than that of Zn and Ni and in a lesser extent Cu and Cr; (ii) copper was found to be mostly associated with the sulphides/organics fraction; (iii) chromium with a lithogenic origin was extracted in the largest percentage in the residual phase; and (iv) zinc was bound to the exchangeable-carbonate phase in the largest percentage in the particles analysed, followed by nickel and cadmium, suggesting that these metals might be easily remobilized if changes in environmental conditions would occur.
ano.nymous@ccsd.cnrs.fr.invalid (L. Lesven) 30 May 2020
https://hal.inrae.fr/hal-02657653v1
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[hal-02842168] Les éléments traces métalliques et la qualité des sols. Impact à moyen et à long terme
[...]
ano.nymous@ccsd.cnrs.fr.invalid (Pierre Chassin) 07 Jun 2020
https://hal.inrae.fr/hal-02842168v1
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[hal-03247380] Spatial variations, origins, and risk assessments of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in French soils
Abstract. Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) are persistent organic pollutants produced by anthropogenic activities that contaminate all environmental spheres, including soils. This study focused on PAHs measured in 2154 soils in France, covering the entire territory based on a regular sampling grid. The quantified concentrations in the Σ15 PAHs ranged from 5.1 to 31 200 µg kg−1, with a median value of 32.6 µg kg−1, and PAHs were detected in 70 % of the soil samples. The map of Σ15 PAH concentrations revealed strong spatial variations in soil contamination throughout France, with larger concentrations in soils of industrial regions and near major cities. PAH molecular diagnostic ratios support the historical origin of PAHs in the northern part of France being linked to the significant emissions of PAHs in Europe during the industrial period of 1850–1950, in particular with the contribution of coal and/or biomass combustion and iron–steel production. A health risk assessment conducted for the residential population resulted in a median value of 1.07 × 10−8 in total lifetime cancer risk, with only 20 sites above the limit of 10−6 and one above the limit of 10−5 adopted by the French government. These results reveal the need to conduct large-scale studies on soil contamination to determine the fate of PAHs and evaluate the risks induced by soil pollution at a country-level scale.
ano.nymous@ccsd.cnrs.fr.invalid (Claire Froger) 02 Jan 2024
https://minesparis-psl.hal.science/hal-03247380v1
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[hal-03200468] Spatial variations, origins, and risk assessments of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in French soils
Abstract. Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) are persistent organic pollutants produced by anthropogenic activities that contaminate all environmental spheres, including soils. This study focused on PAHs measured in 2154 soils in France, covering the entire territory based on a regular sampling grid. The quantified concentrations in the Σ15PAHs ranged from 5.1 to 31200 µg · kg−1, with a median value of 32.6 µg · kg−1, and PAHs were detected in 70 % of the soil samples. The map of Σ15PAHs concentrations revealed strong spatial variations in soil contamination throughout France, with larger concentrations in soils of industrial regions and near major cities. PAHs molecular diagnostic ratios supports the historical origin of PAHs in the northern part of France being linked to the significant emissions of PAHs in Europe during the industrial period of 1850–1950 with in particular the contribution of coal/biomass combustion and iron-steel production. A health risk assessment conducted for the residential population resulted in a median value of 1.07 × 10−8 in total lifetime cancer risk, with only 20 sites above the limit of 10−6 and one above the limit of 10−5 adopted by the French government. These results reveal the need to conduct large-scale studies on soil contamination to determine the fate of PAHs and evaluate the risks induced by soil pollution at a country-level scale.
ano.nymous@ccsd.cnrs.fr.invalid (Claire Froger) 16 Apr 2021
https://hal.inrae.fr/hal-03200468v1
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[hal-01192429] Evaluation in situ de l’impact de composts d’origine urbaine sur la mobilité de contaminants métalliques et organiques en agriculture
absent
ano.nymous@ccsd.cnrs.fr.invalid (Philippe Cambier) 02 Sep 2015
https://hal.science/hal-01192429v1
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[hal-01192000] Evaluation in situ de l'impact du recyclage de composts d'origine urbaine en agriculture sur la mobilité de contaminants métalliques et organiques
absent
ano.nymous@ccsd.cnrs.fr.invalid (Philippe Cambier) 02 Sep 2015
https://hal.science/hal-01192000v1
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[hal-01192117] Rôle des matières organiques particulaires de composts d'origine urbaine et de sols amendés par ces produits dans la rétention de contaminants
absent
ano.nymous@ccsd.cnrs.fr.invalid (Philippe Cambier) 02 Sep 2015
https://hal.science/hal-01192117v1
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[hal-01901469] Trace metal availability in soil horizons amended with various urban waste composts during 17 years – Monitoring and modelling
Trace metal availability in soil horizons amended with various urban waste composts during 17 years – Monitoring and modelling
ano.nymous@ccsd.cnrs.fr.invalid (Philippe Cambier) 22 Oct 2018
https://hal.science/hal-01901469v1
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[hal-04181805] First glance of French soil contamination by pesticide residues and the interest for broad-scale monitoring
The intensive use of pesticides in modern agriculture raised concerns about their environmental fate and impacts on the ecosystems. If the monitoring of those substances in water bodies has been established in Europe since the 2000’s, knowledge of soil contamination by such residues is scarce. However, the few studies addressing this issue pointed out the widespread occurrence of pesticides in soils and the risk they can pose for soil biodiversity. This study investigated 111 currently used pesticides in 47 soils sampled across France, mostly from arable lands but also from forest and grasslands theoretically exempted of pesticides applications. The sampling strategy was based on the French Soil Quality Monitoring Network (Jolivet et al., 2022) to evaluate the feasibility of using an existing network for pesticides monitoring in soils. The results demonstrated the widespread contamination of almost all soils samples by residues, including untreated areas such as forests and permanent grasslands. Up to 33 different substances in one soil sample were detected, at concentrations leading to a medium to high ecotoxicological risk for earthworms in arable lands. Several frequently detected residues have never been reported in the literature so far or were found at much lower detection rates. Finally, the comparison with pesticide application records provided by the farmers revealed the unexpected presence of some substance in sites where they were not applied and a longer than expected persistence of several compounds. These findings question the fate of currently used pesticides in the environment under current agricultural practices and advocate for the monitoring of pesticides in soils at broad scales. Filling the knowledge gap of pesticide presence in soil is necessary to understand the contamination of other environmental compartments and prevent their contamination.
ano.nymous@ccsd.cnrs.fr.invalid (Claire Froger) 16 Aug 2023
https://hal.inrae.fr/hal-04181805v1
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[hal-04104434] Pesticide Residues in French Soils: Occurrence, Risks, and Persistence
Contamination of the environment by pesticide residues is a growing concern given their widespread presence in the environment and their effects on ecosystems. Only a few studies have addressed the occurrence of pesticides in soils, and their results highlighted the need for further research on the persistence and risks induced by those substances. We monitored 111 pesticide residues (48 fungicides, 36 herbicides, 25 insecticides and/or acaricides, and two safeners) in 47 soils sampled across France under various land uses (arable lands, vineyards, orchards, forests, grasslands, and brownfields). Pesticides were found in 98% of the sites (46 of the 47 sampled), including untreated areas such as organic fields, forests, grasslands, and brownfields, with up to 33 different substances detected in one sample, mostly fungicides and herbicides. The concentrations of herbicides were the highest in soils with glyphosate, and its transformation product, AMPA, contributed 70% of the cumulative herbicides. Risk assessment underlined a moderate to high risk for earthworms in arable soils mostly attributed to insecticides and/or acaricides. Finally, the comparison with pesticide application by farmers underlines the presence of some residues long after their supposed 90% degradation and at concentrations higher than predicted environmental concentrations, leading to questions their real persistence in soils.
ano.nymous@ccsd.cnrs.fr.invalid (Claire Froger) 24 May 2023
https://hal.inrae.fr/hal-04104434v1
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[hal-04314240] In vitro exposure to triazoles used as fungicides impairs human granulosa cells steroidogenesis
Triazoles are the main components of fungicides used in conventional agriculture. Some data suggests that they may be endocrine disruptors. Here, we found five triazoles, prothioconazole, metconazole, difenoconazole, tetraconazole, and cyproconazole, in soil or water from the Centre-Val de Loire region of France. We then studied their effects from 0.001 µM to 1000 µM for 48 h on the steroidogenesis and cytotoxicity of ovarian cells from patients in this region and the human granulosa line KGN. In addition, the expression of the aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AHR) nuclear receptor in KGN cells was studied. Overall, all triazoles reduced the secretion of progesterone, estradiol, or both at doses that were non-cytotoxic but higher than those found in the environment. This was mainly associated, depending on the triazole, with a decrease in the expression of CYP51, STAR, CYP11A1, CYP19A1, or HSD3B proteins, or a combination thereof, in hGCs and KGN cells and an increase in AHR in KGN cells.
ano.nymous@ccsd.cnrs.fr.invalid (Loïse Serra) 29 Nov 2023
https://brgm.hal.science/hal-04314240v1
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[hal-02666811] Consequences of aggregation for the trace element distribution in the subsoil of a Planosol naturally rich in trace-metal
[...]
ano.nymous@ccsd.cnrs.fr.invalid (Sophie S. Cornu) 31 May 2020
https://hal.inrae.fr/hal-02666811v1
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[hal-02659648] Location of trace elements in unpolluted soils by a combined method.
A sequential extraction procedure was combined with physical fractionation and mineralogy to determine the distribution of trace elements (TE) among the different phases of a poorly weathered sample. It was first fractionated into five particle-size fractions. Two of these were selected for sequential extractions on the basis of their contrasting mineralogical compositions. A five-step sequential extraction scheme was employed. The studied sample is mostly composed of hornblende, quartz, and feldspars. Early weathering has already occurred, resulting in the formation of smectite and oxides. Sequential extractions show that the studied elements are mostly associated with the residual phases. Hornblende was the main TE bearer of the primary minerals, whereas TEs released through weathering precipitated in both smectite and oxides. Oxides were found to scavenge copper (Cu) and cobalt (Co) more efficiently than smectite. Copper and nickel (Ni) were more concentrated in smectite than in hornblende.
ano.nymous@ccsd.cnrs.fr.invalid (Sophie S. Cornu) 30 May 2020
https://hal.inrae.fr/hal-02659648v1
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[hal-04414506] The epoxiconazole and tebuconazole fungicides impair granulosa cells functions partly through the aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AHR) signalling with contrasted effects in obese, normo-weight and polycystic ovarian syndrome (PCOS) patients
Polycystic ovarian syndrome (PCOS), frequently associated to obesity, is the main reproductive disorder in women in age to procreate. Some evidence suggests that pesticides can result in alterations of the female reproductive system, including polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS). Here, we detected two fungicides, Tebuconazole (Tb) and Epoxiconazole (Epox) in the soils and waters of French area. Our hypothesis is that these two triazoles could be associated to the etiology of PCOS. We used the human KGN cell line and primary human granulosa cells (hGCs) from different group of patients: normal weight non PCOS (NW), normal weight PCOS (PCOS NW), obese (obese) and obese PCOS (PCOS obese). We exposed in vitro these cells to Tb and Epox from 0 up to 10 mM for 24 and 48 h and analysed cell viability and steroidogenesis. In hGCs NW, cell viability was reduced from 12.5 µM for Tb and 75 µM for Epox. In hGCs NW, Epox decreased progesterone (Pg) and estradiol (E2) secretions and inhibited STAR, HSD3B and CYP19A1 mRNA expressions from 25 µM and increased AHR mRNA expression from 75 µM. Tb exposure also reduced steroid secretion and STAR and CYP19A1 mRNA expressions and increased AHR mRNA expression but at cytotoxic concentrations. Silencing of AHR in KGN cells reduced inhibitory effects of Tb and Epox on steroid secretion. Tb and Epox exposure decreased more steroid secretion in hGCs from obese, PCOS NW and PCOS obese groups than in NW group. Moreover, we found a higher gene expression of AHR within these three groups. Taken together, both Epox and Tb reduced steroidogenesis in hGCs through partly AHR and Tb was more cytotoxic than Epox. These triazoles alter more strongly PCOS and/or obese hGCs suggesting that human with reproductive disorders are more sensitive to triazoles exposure.
ano.nymous@ccsd.cnrs.fr.invalid (Loïse Serra) 24 Jan 2024
https://brgm.hal.science/hal-04414506v1
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[hal-01000802] Spatial distribution of lindane concentration in topsoil across France
Lindane [gamma-hexachlorocyclohexane (gamma-HCH)] is an organochlorine pesticide with toxic effects on humans. It is bioaccumulative and can remain in soils for long periods, and although its use for crop spraying was banned in France in 1998, it is possible that residues from before this time remain in the soil. The RMQS soil monitoring network consists of soil samples from 2200 sites on a 16 km regular grid across France, collected between 2002 and 2009. We use 726 measurements of the Lindane concentration in these samples to (i) investigate the main explanatory factors for its spatial distribution across France, and (ii) map this distribution. Geostatistics provides an appropriate framework to analyze our spatial dataset, though two issues regarding the data are worth special consideration: first, the harmonization of two subsets of the data (which were analyzed using different measurement processes), and second, the large proportion of data from one of these subsets that fell below a limit of quantification. We deal with these issues using recent methodological developments in geostatistics. Results demonstrate the importance of land use and rainfall for explaining part of the variability of Lindane across France: land use due to the past direct input of Lindane on cropland and its subsequent persistence in the soil, and rainfall due to the re-deposition of volatilized Lindane. Maps show the concentrations to be generally largest in the north and northwest of France, areas of more intensive agricultural land. We also compare levels to some contamination thresholds taken from the literature, and present maps showing the probability of Lindane concentrations exceeding these thresholds across France. These maps could be used as guidelines for deciding which areas require further sampling before some possible remediation strategy could be applied. (C) 2012 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
ano.nymous@ccsd.cnrs.fr.invalid (Thomas T. Orton) 04 Jun 2014
https://hal.science/hal-01000802v1
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[hal-02647624] Prediction of soil organic and inorganic carbon contents at a national scale (France) using mid-infrared reflectance spectroscopy (MIRS)
This work aimed to evaluate the potential of mid-infrared reflectance spectroscopy (MIRS) to predict soil organic and inorganic carbon contents with a 2086-sample set representative of French topsoils (0-30 cm). Ground air-dried samples collected regularly using a 16 x 16-km grid were analysed for total (dry combustion) and inorganic (calcimeter) carbon; organic carbon was calculated by difference. Calibrations of MIR spectra with partial least square regressions were developed with 10-80% of the set and five random selections of samples. Comparisons between samples with contrasting organic or inorganic carbon content and regression coefficients of calibration equations both showed that organic carbon was firstly associated with a wide spectral region around 2500-3500 cm-1 (which was a reflection of its complex nature), and inorganic carbon with narrow spectral bands, especially around 2520 cm-1. Optimal calibrations for both organic and inorganic carbon were achieved by using 20% of the total set: predictions were not improved much by including more of the set and were less stable, probably because of atypical samples. At the 20% rate, organic carbon predictions over the validation set (80% of the total) yielded mean R², standard error of prediction (SEP) and RPD (ratio of standard deviation to SEP) of 0.89, 6.7 g kg-1 and 3.0, respectively; inorganic carbon predictions yielded 0.97, 2.8 g kg-1 and 5.6, respectively. This seemed appropriate for large-scale soil inventories and mapping studies but not for accurate carbon monitoring, possibly because carbonate soils were included. More work is needed on organic carbon calibrations for large-scale soil libraries.
ano.nymous@ccsd.cnrs.fr.invalid (Clovis Grinand) 22 Jun 2023
https://hal.inrae.fr/hal-02647624v1
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[hal-02648758] Black carbon estimation in French calcareous soils using Chemo-Thermal Oxidation method
[...]
ano.nymous@ccsd.cnrs.fr.invalid (Giovanni G. Caria) 29 May 2020
https://hal.inrae.fr/hal-02648758v1
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[hal-01600155] Occurrence and fate of xenobiotic in sewage sludge and in sludge-amended soils
Occurrence and fate of xenobiotic in sewage sludge and in sludge-amended soils. 15th SETAC Europe Annual Meeting
ano.nymous@ccsd.cnrs.fr.invalid (Dominique Patureau) 04 Jun 2020
https://hal.science/hal-01600155v1
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[hal-01594948] Peut-on prévoir l’évolution à long terme du P dans des sols cultivés en fonction du régime de fertilisation ?
Peut-on prévoir l’évolution à long terme du P dans des sols cultivés en fonction du régime de fertilisation ?. 12. rencontres de la fertilisation raisonnée et de l'analyse du COMIFER et du GEMAS
ano.nymous@ccsd.cnrs.fr.invalid (Christian Morel) 26 Sep 2017
https://hal.science/hal-01594948v1
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[hal-04412728] Projet Phytosol Résidus de pesticides dans les sols français : présence, risques et persistance
À la différence de ce qui est fait pour les milieux aquatiques et l'atmosphère, la surveillance de la contamination des sols par les pesticides n'existe pas à l'échelle du territoire. Or, des travaux récents de chercheurs INRAE, en collaboration avec l'université de Bordeaux, montrent qu'un grand nombre de substances, en quantité importante, y persistent sous forme de résidus. Des résultats parus dans la revue Environmental Science & Technology.
ano.nymous@ccsd.cnrs.fr.invalid (Claire Froger) 26 Jan 2024
https://hal.science/hal-04412728v1
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[hal-04658071] First glance of french soil contamination by pesticide residues and the need for broad-scale monitoring
The intensive use of pesticides in modern agriculture raised concerns about their environmental fate and impacts on the ecosystems. If the monitoring of those substances in water bodies has been established in Europe since the 2000’s, knowledge of soil contamination by such residues is scarce. However, the few studies addressing this issue pointed out the widespread occurrence of pesticides in soils and the risk they can pose for soil biodiversity. This study investigated 111 currently used pesticides in 47 soils sampled across France, mostly from arable lands but also from forest and grasslands theoretically exempted of pesticides applications. The sampling strategy was based on the French Soil Quality Monitoring Network to evaluate the feasibility of using an existing network for pesticides monitoring in soils. The results demonstrated the widespread contamination of almost all soils samples by residues, including untreated areas such as forests and permanent grasslands. Up to 33 different substances in one soil sample were detected, at concentrations leading to a medium to high ecotoxicological risk for earthworms in arable lands. Several frequently detected residues have never been reported in the literature so far or were found at much lower detection rates. Finally, the comparison with pesticide application records provided by the farmers revealed the unexpected presence of some substance in sites where they were not applied and a longer than expected persistence of several compounds. These findings question the fate of currently used pesticides in the environment under current agricultural practices and advocate for the monitoring of pesticides in soils at broad scales. Filling the knowledge gap of pesticide presence in soil is necessary to understand the contamination of other environmental compartments and prevent their contamination. Therefore, there is a clear need to integrate pesticide analysis in national soil monitoring programs to evaluate contamination levels, which will be conducted in France. This monitoring will include both target and non-target analyses to identify all the potential molecules in soil.
ano.nymous@ccsd.cnrs.fr.invalid (Claire Froger) 22 Jul 2024
https://hal.inrae.fr/hal-04658071v1
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[hal-04719699] Technical note: A validated correction method to quantify organic and inorganic carbon in soils using Rock-Eval® thermal analysis
Soils contain large amounts of carbon stored as organic carbon and carbonates. These carbon pools can contribute to climate regulation and are of primary importance in ensuring proper soil functioning. However, their accurate quantification remains a complex task. Rock-Eval ® thermal analysis has emerged as an alternative to classic dry combustion and wet methods due to its ability to simultaneously provide organic and inorganic carbon measurements on the same subsample. However, it has been observed that Rock-Eval ® systematically underestimates the soil organic carbon (SOC) while overestimating the soil inorganic carbon (SIC). In this technical note, we propose a validated correction of both SOC and SIC based on a machine-learning model and using a diverse dataset of 240 soil samples. We show that the proposed correction significantly increases the accuracy of the Rock-Eval ® method when compared to reference SOC and SIC values and applied to the dataset used for training and testing and that it can be successfully applied to data originating from different Rock-Eval ® machines without changing the routine analytical protocol. The transferability of the model allows for its future implementation in the Geoworks software so that Rock-Eval ® machines can routinely provide accurate SIC and SOC measurements.
ano.nymous@ccsd.cnrs.fr.invalid (Marija Stojanova) 03 Oct 2024
https://hal.science/hal-04719699v1
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[hal-01282653] Détection et devenir de molécules xénobiotiques : produits pharmaceutiques et pesticides
[...]
ano.nymous@ccsd.cnrs.fr.invalid (A. Le Person) 04 Mar 2016
https://hal.science/hal-01282653v1
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[hal-03206056] A new, simple, efficient and robust multi-residue method based on pressurised-liquid extraction of agricultural soils to analyze pesticides by liquid chromatography coupled with a high resolution quadrupole time-of-flight mass spectrometer
[...]
ano.nymous@ccsd.cnrs.fr.invalid (Giovanni Caria) 27 Feb 2023
https://hal.inrae.fr/hal-03206056v1
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[hal-03362911] A new, simple, efficient and robust multi-residue method based on pressurized-liquid extraction of agricultural soils to analyze pesticides by liquid chromatography coupled with a high-resolution quadrupole time-of-flight mass spectrometer
[...]
ano.nymous@ccsd.cnrs.fr.invalid (Giovanni Caria) 02 Oct 2021
https://hal.inrae.fr/hal-03362911v1
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[hal-01655127] Radial metal concentration profiles in trees growing on highly contaminated soils
The soil around Metaleurop, a big smelter, is heavily contaminated by Zn, Pb, Cd and Cu. In order to compare the impact of different soil amendments on the metal availability to trees, the polluted soil section was divided in a reference parcel and two others with either sulfo-calcic or silico-aluminous ash amendments. Five different tree species were planted on the parcels and the uptake of heavy metals in these trees was studied. Total and labile metal fractions were assessed in each of the 3 parcels. The mobility and assimilation of the metals was highest in the non-amended, reference soil parcel which had the lowest pH, organic matter and carbonate content. In all soils, pH decreased while organic matter content and mobility of the metals increased over time. Highest bulk concentrations of trace metals were found in white willow trees (Salix alba L). Laser ablation-ICPMS was used to study changes in metal accumulation over a period of 10 years after planting the trees. The radial metal profiles in the trunk core samples varied between elements and tree species, however, in all willow trees the radial Cd and Zn profiles were significantly correlated. Radial pollutant concentration patterns are discussed in terms. of seasonal effects, health status, tree species and metal mobility in the soil. For Cd and Zn, the profiles were influenced by their mobility in the soils. In general, periodical patterns were observed for Pb. Cu concentration profiles were decreasing over time, with the strongest decrease in the initial growth period.
ano.nymous@ccsd.cnrs.fr.invalid (Pierre-Jean Superville) 04 Dec 2017
https://hal.science/hal-01655127v1
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[hal-04311286] Etude de la contamination organique de sols agricoles français par criblage suspect et non ciblé en masse à haute résolution
Les polluants organiques présents dans l’environnement sont essentiellement issus des activités humaines. Ils contaminent les milieux naturels aquatiques, atmosphériques et terrestres. Les sols agricoles peuvent être contaminés en polluants organiques du fait de l’utilisation de produits phytopharmaceutiques et de l’épandage de produits résiduaires organiques (boues, composts, lisiers). Des analyses ciblées ont ainsi été développées et appliquées par les laboratoires d’analyses pour la détermination de polluants organiques dans les sols à l’aide de techniques très sensibles du type LC-MS/MS et GC-MS/MS. Cependant, cette approche ciblée nécessite de sélectionner un nombre restreint de composés organiques connus (quelques dizaines) et, par conséquent, ne permet pas d’évaluer la diversité des polluants organiques présents dans les sols agricoles français. Aussi, notre étude a porté sur le développement d’une stratégie de caractérisation de l’état de contamination organique des sols par criblage en masse ciblé et non ciblé. Dans un premier temps, une nouvelle méthode de dosage d’une trentaine de produits phytopharmaceutiques (herbicides, fongicides, insecticides) a été développée et validée avec les extrait de sols. Les sols ont été extraits à l’aide d’une méthode PLE, à chaud et sous pression à l’aide de l’acétonitrile. Les extraits sont concentrés suivi par une filtration et puis analysés par la chromatographie liquide couplée à un spectromètre de masse à haute résolution et à temps de vol (LC-QTOF-MS Bruker Impact II). Dans un second temps, les performances de cette méthode ont été évaluées pour l’analyse d’une quarantaine de produits pharmaceutiques (humains et vétérinaires) et d’hormones oestrogéniques, susceptibles d’être présents dans les boues de station d’épuration ou des lisiers d’élevages agricoles et de se retrouver dans les sols agricoles après épandage. La méthode offre de rendement pour la plupart des molécules sélectionnées à l’exception quelques molécules et en particulier les molécules polaires. Pour améliorer les rendements d’extraction de ces molécules dont les molécules polaires, une deuxième méthode a été développée en utilisant l’eau ultrapure comme solvant d’extraction, suivi par une concentration/purification sur colonne Oasis HLB et puis analysé par la LC-QTOF-MS. Ces deux méthodes développées offrent une bonne performance pour évaluer la présence de polluants organiques de nature, d’origine et de propriétés très différentes dans les sols agricoles. Les deux méthodes ont été, par la suite, appliquées à une sélection de 40 sols agricoles français, d’usages agricoles différents (grandes cultures, forêts, pâtures et vigne) provenance de la région Centre-Val de Loire. Les parcelles de grandes cultures ont fait l’objet de traitements phytosanitaires différents en nombre, fréquence et nature. Les deux extraits obtenus pour chacun des 40 sols français ont été analysés en LC-QTOF-MS, de manière séquentielle en électrospray positif (ESI+) puis négatif (ESI-) avec la méthode de masse spécifique du mode « suspect » et ensuite avec la méthode de masse spécifique du mode non ciblé NTS (non-target screening). L’identification de composés organiques dans les extraits de sols analysés en mode « suspect » a été réalisée à l’aide du logiciel Tasq couplé à la base de données TargetScreener, spécifique du LC-QTOF-MS, comportant environ 2500 composés organiques dont des produits phytopharmaceutiques, médicaments humains, produits vétérinaires, hormones, produits naturels et industriels. Le bilan des analyses en mode suspect des sols est de 825 analytes détectés et identifiés dont 399 produits phytopharmaceutiques (48,4%), 279 médicaments humains ou vétérinaires (33,8%), 103 drogues de synthèse (12,5%), 19 hormones animales ou végétales (2,3%), 15 produits naturels (1,8%), 5 produits industriels (0,6%) et 5 produits chimiques autres (0,6%). Parmi les produits phytopharmaceutiques, on dénombre 154 insecticides (38,6%), 136 herbicides (34,1%), 105 fongicides (26,3%), 3 rodenticides (0,8%) et 1 antioxydant (0,2%). La qualité de l’identification des composés organiques par l’analyse suspect est fonction d’un score global calculé à partir de 4 scores individuels de qualité évaluant la concordance entre les données expérimentales et théoriques (TargetScreener) de masse exacte, temps de rétention, rapport isotopique, et ions qualifiants. L’identification d’un composé organique est hautement probable lorsque le score global est 4+ ce qui correspond au cumul d’un score individuel 2+ pour chacun des 4 critères de qualité. Les composés organiques sont ainsi classés par ordre décroissant de probabilité d’identification selon les scores globaux 4+, 3+, 1+ et 4-. L’analyse des extraits à l’acétonitrile en mode NTS a fait l’objet d’un traitement de données statistiques et chimiométriques à l’aide du logiciel Metaboscape pour l’identification de composés organiques à partir de multiples bases de données dont certaines indépendantes du LC-QTOF-MS. On dénombre ainsi, d’une part en ionisation positive, un total de 40922 composés organiques annotés dont 15348 identifiés et 25574 non identifiés, et d’autre part en ionisation positive, un total de 2399 composés organiques annotés dont 1140 identifiés et 1259 non identifiés. Par ailleurs, le traitement chimiométrique des données par Metaboscape a mis en évidence des marqueurs environnementaux après avoir défini des groupes homogènes en nombre et nature d’échantillons de sols. On a ainsi mis en évidence quelques marqueurs présents uniquement dans un seul groupe de sols en lien avec le type de cultures tels l’herbicide diuron dans le sol de vigne et le fongicide époxiconazole dans les sols de grandes cultures. L’analyse non ciblée NTS a permis d’obtenir un très grand volume de données contribuant à la caractérisation de l’état de contamination organique des sols. A partir de ces données, une « empreinte ionique » de chaque sol a été constituée et archivée pouvant servir de référence pour l’observation de futures évolutions de la composition organique des sols. Par ailleurs, l’archivage des données chromatographiques et spectrales peut permettre des traitements des données rétrospectives pour identifier des composés devenus d’intérêt environnemental ou sanitaire. L’analyse suspect et non ciblée NTS des sols pourraient ainsi fortement contribuer à la surveillance de la qualité des sols (pharmacovigilance) en France.
ano.nymous@ccsd.cnrs.fr.invalid (Giovanni Caria) 28 Nov 2023
https://hal.science/hal-04311286v1
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[hal-01282665] Quantification of 26 pharmaceutical residues in wastewater and river waters using on_line SPE-LC-MS:MS
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ano.nymous@ccsd.cnrs.fr.invalid (I. Tlili) 04 Mar 2016
https://hal.science/hal-01282665v1
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[hal-04311197] Liquid chromatography - high-resolution quadrupole time-of-flight mass spectrometry analysis of pesticides in French agricultural soils
Agricultural soils are not controlled in France for the massive use of pesticides. The quadrupole mass spectrometer is used for targeted analysis of a few dozen pesticides, while the high-resolution time-offlight quadrupole mass spectrometer (QTOF-MS) allows both targeted and non-targeted analysis of hundreds of pesticides. In this study, a targeted method was developed in soils using pressurised-liquid extraction (PLE) and liquid chromatography (LC) coupled with a QTOFMS. This method development was necessary to carry out next suspect and non-target screening in soils and has been validated for triazines, phenylureas and emerging pesticides in soils. The internal calibration of pesticides was validated for low levels (0.5 to 12.5 μg L−1) and high levels (12.5 to 400 μg L−1) using labelled internal standards. The determination coefficient (R2) of calibration curve of each pesticide was greater than 0.99. Excepted DCPU and IPPU, the mean recoveries of pesticides in five reference soils spiked at 40 μg kg−1 and 10 μg kg−1 were greater than 93.5% and 106.2%, and the variation coefficients lower than 14.7% and 22.5%, respectively. So, multiplier factors were applied to the quantification results of DCPU and IPPU, respectively, 2.5 and 1.7 for correction. This validated method has been applied to a selection of 40 French soils of Centre-Val de Loire region. The limit of quantification (LOQ) of pesticides varied between 0.005 and 0.175 μg kg−1 in soils. Seven pesticides were the most detected in soils. Seventeen pesticides were detected between 10 and 50% of cases and very low detection frequencies (<10%) were found for 10 pesticides in soils. The mean concentrations were 0.730 μg kg−1 dw for triazines, 1.367 μg kg−1 dw for phenylureas and 7.638 μg kg−1 dw for emerging pesticides. DCPMU and epoxiconazole were detected in all the 40 soils.
ano.nymous@ccsd.cnrs.fr.invalid (Giovanni Caria) 28 Nov 2023
https://hal.science/hal-04311197v1
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[hal-03321776] A new, simple, efficient and robust multi-residue method based on pressurized-liquid extraction of agricultural soils to analyze pesticides by liquid chromatography coupled with a high-resolution quadrupole time-of-flight mass spectrometer
Background: The latest generation of liquid chromatograph coupled to high-resolution quadrupole time-of-flight mass spectrometry (LC-QTOF-MS) now competes with quadrupole tandem spectrometers (LC-MS-MS) in terms of sensitivity and speed. In addition, it is possible to obtain additional information retrospectively on the organic composition of the analyzed soil. Due to the exponential increase of the storage capacities of computer hard drives and the speed of electronic processing of computer data, it is all the more possible to recover all of the data generated during the analysis of a soil extract. Objective: The LC-QTOF-MS currently has an essential and primordial advantage; which is the entire transmission of the ions produced in the ionization source towards the mass spectrometer. This original feature opens the way to a probable full exploration of the organic composition of the soils. Methods: A new method for the analysis of pesticides in agricultural soils by using liquid chromatography coupled with a high-resolution quadrupole time-of-flight mass spectrometer (LC-QTOF-MS) has been developed. Results: Twenty-four pesticides including herbicides, insecticides or fungicides have been studied. The linearity of the external calibration of the pesticides obtained from levels of concentration ranging from 0.010 to 400 μg/L gives satisfactory results with the correlation coefficients higher than 0.99. The quantification limits of the equipment range from 0.010 to 1.250 μg/L and correspond to the lowest standard in the calibration range for which the residual deviation is less than 60%. An experimental design has been used to optimize the parameters of pressurized-liquid extraction (PLE) of pesticides in soils. The optimized conditions have been found by using methanol as extraction solvent at a temperature of 80°C, a pressure of 150 Bars and 2 extraction cycles of 5 minutes. The mean recoveries of pesticides (Mean) are higher than 72% with a relative standard deviation (RSD) less than 21%. These results demonstrate the good efficiency of PLE for the extraction of pesticides in agricultural soils of different nature. The LC-QTOF-MS is a sensitive, linear and robust instrument for the quantification of pesticides in unpurified soils extracts by external calibration. This analytical tool is not subjected to matrix effects of soil extracts.
ano.nymous@ccsd.cnrs.fr.invalid (Giovanni Caria) 17 Mar 2023
https://hal.inrae.fr/hal-03321776v1
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[hal-03354473] Développement de méthodes de screening ciblé et non ciblé de composés traces organiques dans les sols à l’aide de la chromatographie liquide à haute performance couplée à un spectromètre de masse à haute résolution et à temps de vol
[...]
ano.nymous@ccsd.cnrs.fr.invalid (Giovanni Caria) 25 Sep 2021
https://hal.inrae.fr/hal-03354473v1
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[hal-01348651] Simultaneous detection of antibiotics and other drug residues in the dissolved and particulate phases of water by an off-line SPE combined with on-line SPE-LC-MS/MS: Method development and application
Due to their widespread use in human and animal healthcare, antibiotics and other drug residues are ubiquitous in the aquatic environment. Given their potential impacts on ecosystem functioning and public health, the quantification of environmental drug residues has become a necessity. Various analysis techniques have been found to be suitable for reliable detection of such compounds. However, quantification can be difficult because these compounds are present at trace or ultra-trace levels. Consequently, the accuracy of environmental analyses depends on both the efficiency and the robustness of the extraction and quantification method. In this work, an off-line solid-phase extraction (SPE) combined with on-line SPE-LC-MS/MS was applied to the simultaneous extraction and quantification of 26 pharmaceutical products, including 18 antibiotics, dissolved in a water phase. Optimal conditions were determined and then applied to assess the contamination level of the targeted drug residues in water collected from four sites in Northern France: a river, the input and output of an aerated lagoon, and a wastewater treatment plant. Drug residues associated with suspended solid matter (SSM) were also quantified in this work using pressurized liquid extraction (PLE) combined with an on-line SPE-LC-MS/MS system in order to complete an assessment of the degree of total background pollution.
ano.nymous@ccsd.cnrs.fr.invalid (I. Tlili) 25 Jul 2016
https://hal.science/hal-01348651v1
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[ineris-00963349] Bioaccessibility of trace elements as affected by soil parameters in smelter-contaminated agricultural soils : a statistical modeling approach
An investigation was undertaken to identify the most significant soil parameters that can be used to predict Cd, Pb, and Zn bioaccessibility in smelter-contaminated agricultural soils. A robust model was established from an extended database of soils by using : a training set of 280 samples to select the main soil parameters, to define the best population to be taken into account for the model elaboration, and to construct multivariate regression models, and a test set of 110 samples to validate the ability of the regression models. Total carbonate, organic matter, sand, P2O5, free Fe-Mn oxide, and pseudo total Aland trace element (TE) contents appeared as the main variables governing TE bioaccessibility. The statistical modeling approach was reasonably successful, indicating that the main soil factors influencing the bioaccessibility of TEs were taken into account and the predictions could be applicable for further risk evaluation in the studied area.
ano.nymous@ccsd.cnrs.fr.invalid (Aurélie Pelfrene) 21 Mar 2014
https://ineris.hal.science/ineris-00963349v1
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[hal-03556753] Rôle du silicium dans la culture du blé en France : biodisponibilité, bioaccumulation et effet sur les rendements
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ano.nymous@ccsd.cnrs.fr.invalid (Jean-Dominique Meunier) 04 Feb 2022
https://hal.science/hal-03556753v1
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[hal-01904542] Prediction of total silicon concentrations in French soils using pedotransfer functions from mid-infrared spectrum and pedological attributes
Silicon (Si) is the second most abundant element of the Earth's crust, and its terrestrial cycle depends on soil, vegetation, and human activities. The spatial extent of terrestrial Si perturbation is poorly documented since maps of Si concentration in soils are rare. In addition, Si content is rarely measured in non-paddy soil databases. Here we demonstrate that pedotransfer functions based on either pedological attributes (particle size fraction, pH, organic carbon, cation exchange capacity, calcium carbonate and parent material) or mid infrared spectra (MIRS) can be used to accurately predict total Si concentration. In this research, we utilised a unique dataset from the French monitoring network of soil quality (RMQS - Réseau de Mesures de la Qualité des Sols) database. Pedotransfer functions were built using a regression tree model on a subset of the data for which total Si concentration was measured. To compare the relative performance of the models obtained for the two different sources of data, a suite of performance indicators were calculated. Our results showed that PTF based on MIR spectra produces highly accurate and precise estimates of the total Si concentration for French soils. The pedological PTF is less accurate, but still provides a good estimation of the Si concentration. The pedological PTF provides an alternative method when only basic soil data are available, and an approximate estimation of Si concentrations is sufficient. These PTFs can be readily applied at the European scale except on a few soil groups not represented in France.
ano.nymous@ccsd.cnrs.fr.invalid (A. Landré) 25 Oct 2018
https://hal.science/hal-01904542v1
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[hal-02503457] Do climate and land use affect the pool of total silicon concentration? A digital soil mapping approach of French topsoils
Silicon (Si) is the second most abundant element in the Earth’s crust after O. Its concentration in soils is highly variable from <1% to greater than 45%. Parent material is well known to be a major parameter for explaining this variability. In this study, we proposed to analyze the impact of climate and land use on the total Si concentration in soils and to explore the link between total Si and plant available Si (PAS). To do so, we based our analysis on the French soil monitoring network considering the upper soil horizon that was thought to be the most impacted by both the effect of land use and climate and was also the most important horizon in terms of plant availability. In order to extract the impact of climate and land use and for digital mapping purposes, we stratified the database by parent material and soil-types. This stratification was based on the classification used in the 1:100,000 French soil map and 1:100,000 French soil parent material map. For non carbonated soils, we showed that Si concentrations was decreasing with annual rainfall, evidencing a climatic effect on the total Si concentration of French topsoils. No significant effect of the land used could be identified. At last, we showed that PAS (by the CaCl2 method) is negatively weakly correlated to total Si concentration. This relationship is however variable among soil classes.
ano.nymous@ccsd.cnrs.fr.invalid (Amélia Landré) 10 Mar 2020
https://hal.science/hal-02503457v1
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[hal-02790229] Inter-calibration de spectromètres NIRS pour la prédiction du Carbone et de l’Azote dans les sols
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ano.nymous@ccsd.cnrs.fr.invalid (Bernard Barthès) 05 Jun 2020
https://hal.inrae.fr/hal-02790229v1
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[hal-02790190] Mise au point de modèles chimiométriques pour la caractérisation de sols à partir de mesures spectrales PIR effectuées au laboratoire et au champ
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ano.nymous@ccsd.cnrs.fr.invalid (Bernard Barthès) 05 Jun 2020
https://hal.inrae.fr/hal-02790190v1
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[hal-02785832] Mise au point de modèles chimiométriques pour la caractérisation de sols à partir de mesures spectrales PIR effectuées au laboratoire et au champ
[...]
ano.nymous@ccsd.cnrs.fr.invalid (Bernard Barthès) 05 Jun 2020
https://hal.inrae.fr/hal-02785832v1
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[hal-02828472] Hétérogénéités spatiales générées par l'enfouissement de produits résiduaires organiques à l'échelle du profil cultural: impacts sur la dynamique des micropolluants organiques et minéraux
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ano.nymous@ccsd.cnrs.fr.invalid (Pierre Benoit) 07 Jun 2020
https://hal.inrae.fr/hal-02828472v1
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[hal-00755525] Earthworm indicators as tools for soil monitoring, characterization and risk assessment. An example from the national Bioindicator programme (France)
Considering the limited number of bioindicators available to assess soil quality, a national research programme was set up in France to develop such indicators (2006-2012), the "Bioindicator" programme. This programme tested 47 biological parameters (i.e. microorganisms, fauna, flora) including earthworms, in several sites differing in terms of land use, contamination type - PAHs or metals - and pollution levels. The present study proposes some study objectives for bioindicator approaches, based on the earthworm results from the programme. Therefore, different earthworm descriptors were tested at the community level (e.g. abundance, biomass, species and functional structures, and ecological traits) as well as the organism level (i.e. measuring the metallothionein coding gene expression level in earthworms). The present results, obtained from the programme's spring 2009 sampling campaign, discriminated among the different descriptors and showed that earthworm and endogeic abundance as well as the individual weight of endogeics seem to be good indicators in non-contaminated (cultivated) sites, while the ecological structure, namely the proportion of anecic vs. endogeic species, and the proportion of non-vulnerable species should be used as indicators of contaminated soils. Furthermore, the first results obtained for Lumbricus terrestris and L. rubellus rubellus are encouraging as they show that metallothionein expression increases in metal-contaminated soils. The relevance of these descriptors, which have to be considered in study objectives, requires the analysis of 2010 results.
ano.nymous@ccsd.cnrs.fr.invalid (Guénola Pérès) 29 May 2020
https://hal.science/hal-00755525v1
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[hal-04736442] Loiret, Meung-sur-Loire, ZAC Synergie Val-de-Loire, les Bouillants et la Maison Neuve : De l'établissement aristocratique laténien à l'exploitation rurale antique : rapport de fouille
L’opération de fouille préventive de Meung-sur-Loire (Loiret) est liée à l’implantation d’une plateforme logistique au sein de la Zac Synergie Val-de-Loire aux lieux-dits La Maison Neuve et Les Bouillants. Le projet s’étend sur deux zones distinctes. Au nord la Zone A au lieu-dit La Maison Neuve. Au sud la Zone B au lieu-dit Les Bouillants . Le secteur avait été largement diagnostiqué (12,6%) en 2015 par le Service d’Archéologie Préventive du Conseil Départemental du Loiret. La fouille est la quatrième effectuée sur cette zone auxquelles s’ajoutent sept opérations de diagnostic, offrant ainsi la possibilité de mieux caractériser la nature et l’étendue des différents vestiges mis au jour, ainsi que leurs éventuels rapports chronologiques.
ano.nymous@ccsd.cnrs.fr.invalid (Jean-Philippe Gay) 15 Oct 2024
https://hal.science/hal-04736442v1
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[hal-00829418] Assessing the in situ bioavailability of trace elements to snails using accumulation kinetics.
In this study, the accumulation kinetics of cadmium (Cd), lead (Pb), arsenic (As) and antimony(Sb) were determined for 3 industrially impacted sites to assess the bioavailability of these contaminantsto the garden snail (Cantareus aspersus). Mono and multivariate regressions allowed the identificationof cation exchange capacity (CEC), silts and organic carbon content as the soil parameters modulatingthe in situ bioavailability of Cd and Pb. For all elements, the total concentrations in the soils were notgood predictor (not significant correlation) of the bioavailability to snails. The Cd, As and Sb assimilationfluxes were correlated with the calcium chloride (CaCl2) extract concentrations, but this correlationwas not observed with Pb. The total soil concentration coupled with soil properties best explained thevariation in Pb assimilation, whereas their influences on Cd bioavailability were lower, signifying thatother parameters such as contamination sources may modulate Cd bioavailability. Here, the As and Sbin situ accumulation kinetics are described for the first time and highlighted a slight bioavailability tosnails at the studied sites. The absence of a correlation between the As or Sb assimilation fluxes andtotal metals in the soil coupled with the absence of influence of soil properties on their bioavailabilitymay result from the speciation of these metalloids, which are known to modulate their mobility in soils.This study highlights the need to consider both physico-chemical and biological aspects of metal andmetalloid bioavailability to assess the risk of metal transfer from soil to organisms.
ano.nymous@ccsd.cnrs.fr.invalid (Benjamin Pauget) 03 Jun 2013
https://hal.science/hal-00829418v1
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[hal-02632650] Modeling of phosphorus dynamics in contrasting agroecosystems using long-term field experiments
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ano.nymous@ccsd.cnrs.fr.invalid (Christian Morel) 27 May 2020
https://hal.inrae.fr/hal-02632650v1
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[hal-03818090] PIEGEAge des Composés Halogénés Lipophiles Organiques Rémanents (PIEGEACHLOR)
Le projet Piegeachlor s'est donné pour objectif de réduire la disponibilité des plusieurs familles de contaminants organochlorés retrouvés dans les sols. Les contaminants étudiés sont les polychlorobiphényles, les polychloro-dibenzodioxines et furanes, ainsi que la chlordécone. L'hypothèse initiale du projet était que des matrices carbonées issues de pyrolyse de ligneux telles que des biochars pouvaient jouer un rôle de séquestration. Les propriétés de séquestration ont été testées en mobilisant plusieurs méthodologies. La première est basée sur une approche in vitro, qualifiant la disponibilité environnementale. Elle simule la capacité d'un milieu aqueux à désorber les polluants. Les autres utilisaient un biote cible (ver, radis, courgette, poule) pour déterminer la biodisponibilité relative de chacun des contaminants en fonction de la matrice carbonée utilisée. Ces approches ont été appliquées d'abord sur des sols artificiels de type OCDE avec de la tourbe comme matière organique endogène. Après une sélection des matrices carbonées les plus performantes en termes de séquestration, une partie des tests précédemment décrits a été appliquée sur des sols naturels prélevés en métropole (Saint-Cyprien) et en Martinique (Morne-Rouge, Trinité), respectivement contaminé en PCB+PCDD/F et en CLD. Des essais d'innocuité de l'amendement ont également été menés.
ano.nymous@ccsd.cnrs.fr.invalid (Giovanni Caria) 17 Oct 2022
https://hal.science/hal-03818090v1
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[hal-03641108] Assessment of an NDL-PCBs Sequestration Strategy in Soil Using Contrasted Carbonaceous Materials through In Vitro and Cucurbita pepo Assays
Featured Application A sequestration-based remediation strategy using several types of carbonaceous amendments and its potential to reduce transfer to plants. The present study aims to assess the respective efficiency of Biochars (BCs) and activated carbons (ACs) to limit PCB 101, 138, 153 and 180 transfer to plants. A set of 6 high carbon materials comprising 3 BCs and 3 ACs was tested and used to amend a soil at 2% rate. Then, the two most efficient carbonaceous materials were used as an amendment of an historically contaminated soil sampled in the St Cyprien vicinity (Loire, France). An environmental availability assessment was performed using the ISO/DIS 16751 Part A assay (n = 3). For the in vivo part, Cucurbita pepo were grown for 12 weeks. Significant decreases of transfer were found for both assays notably for powdered ACs (up to 98%). By contrast, significantly lower levels of transfer reduction were observed when BCs amendments were performed, ranging from 27 to 80% for environmental availability assessment and 0 to 36% for C. pepo. Reduction factors above 90% for the 2 selected materials were found from amended historically contaminated soils. Present results led to consider such a sequestering strategy as valuable to ensure plant production on non-dioxin-like polychlorobiphenyls (NDL-PCBs) contaminated soils.
ano.nymous@ccsd.cnrs.fr.invalid (Séverine Piutti) 14 Apr 2022
https://hal.univ-lorraine.fr/hal-03641108v1
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[halshs-02955803] La collection historique d’échantillons de sols de l’essai patrimonial des ‘42 parcelles’ (INRAE, Versailles) : une machine à remonter le temps...
A la suite de travaux précédents sur les états pédogéochimiques, les bilans géochimiques et les impacts de la fertilisation dans les horizons profonds du NEOLUVISOL de lœss du dispositif des 42 parcelles d’INRAE (van Oort et al., 2016, 2017, 2020), nous examinons ici des aspects chronologiques d’évolutions intervenues en surface des sols depuis 1928. Pour cela, des séries d’une quinzaine d’échantillons de la collection historique ont été analysées pour une dizaine de traitements représentatifs : engrais à effet acidifiant (sulfate et phosphate d’ammonium), engrais à effet dispersant (nitrate de sodium, sylvinite, chlorure de potassium), superphosphate, amendements à effet alcalinisant (scories de déphosphoration, carbonate de calcium), fumier de cheval, ainsi que deux parcelles témoins’, sans apport. Nous abordons l’évolution temporelle i) des paramètres édaphiques : teneur en carbone organique et en argile, pH, CEC et garniture cationique ; ii) des teneurs totales en éléments majeurs et en trace ; iii), de la composition minéralogique de fractions argileuses et limoneuses, notamment dans le cas des traitements acidifiants. Les résultats, nombreux et souvent originaux, permettent d’apprécier l’ampleur des évolutions durant les 9 décennies d’expérimentation. Par rapport aux résultats antérieurs sur les impacts en profondeur, ces données contribuent à retracer des parties complémentaires d’une même histoire d’évolution, contrainte par les différents traitements de fertilisation. Vu sous un angle pédologique, le dispositif des 42 parcelles œuvre comme un « pédotron » en conditions réelles, mettant en évidence une accélération des processus d’évolution du sol limoneux selon différentes voies de la pédogenèse, en fonction de la nature des matières fertilisantes apportées.
ano.nymous@ccsd.cnrs.fr.invalid (Folkert van Oort) 03 Jan 2024
https://shs.hal.science/halshs-02955803v1
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[hal-01771810] Centennial Fertilization-Induced Soil Processes Control Trace Metal Dynamics. Lessons from a Long-Term Bare Fallow Experiment
Long-term bare fallow (LTBF) experiments with historical sample archives offer unique opportunities to study long-term impacts of anthropogenic activities on mineral soil fractions. In natural agro- and ecosystems, such impacts are often masked by organic matter due to its buffering action and rapid turnover. The 42-plot LTBF trial of INRA (Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique) started in Versailles (France) in 1928 to assess the impacts of prolonged application of fertilizers and amendments on the composition and properties of loamy soils. Here, we established geochemical budgets of major and trace elements on surface samples from 1929 and 2014 for four groups of treatments relevant for developed soil processes. We considered accompanying effects of soil compaction or decompaction due to changing physicochemical conditions over 85 years. Element losses from the surface horizon were quantified via fertilization-induced or -amplified soil processes: clay leaching favored by Na- or K-based fertilization, and lixiviation of major and trace elements in acidic or alkaline soil conditions. Enhanced mineral weathering was shown for acidified and nonamended plots. Conclusions on trace metal migration were confirmed by selected analyses on subsurface horizons. Additional information was provided on specific element inputs via fertilizers and/or diffuse inputs via atmospheric deposition.
ano.nymous@ccsd.cnrs.fr.invalid (Folkert van Oort) 19 Apr 2018
https://hal.science/hal-01771810v1
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[hal-04608181] Centennial fertilization‐induced soil processes control contemporary soil geochemistry. Lessons from a long‐term bare fallow experiment
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ano.nymous@ccsd.cnrs.fr.invalid (Folkert van Oort) 11 Jun 2024
https://hal.inrae.fr/hal-04608181v1
